Sadananthan SA, et al. - In a South Asian longitudinal birth cohort, researchers studied the independent relationships between age-specific annual weight gain from birth to age 4 years and fat deposition in metabolically distinct compartments at age 4.5 years. In 316 children (aged 4.5 years), volumetric abdominal magnetic resonance imaging with comprehensive segmentation of deep and superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT) was performed. According to findings, Indian ethnicity and female sex predisposed children in the second year of life to accumulate more fat in the VAT depot with increased relative weight gain. One to two years of age can, therefore, be a critical window for interventions to reduce the accumulation of visceral fat. There were no significant sex or ethnic differences in VAT.