Assessment of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-Α levels in the peri-implant sulcular fluid among waterpipe (narghile) smokers and never-smokers with peri-implantitis
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Nov 22, 2017
Abduljabbar T, et al. - Researchers compared the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) of waterpipe-smokers (WS) and never-smokers with peri-implantitis. In the PISF, WS with peri-implantitis presented increased expression of local proinflammatory cytokines than never-smokers.
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