Grimm PR, et al. – In this review, the recent discoveries about a powerful electroneutral NaCl reabsorption mechanism in intercalated cells, and its regulation by an intrarenal metabolite paracrine, α–ketoglutartate, and the G–protein coupled receptor, Oxgr1, had been delineated. A novel salt transport pathway in intercalated cells that was activated by an intrarenal paracrine system, α–ketoglutartate/Oxgr1, was identified by recent studies. While restoring acid–base balance, activation of the paracrine system and transport pathway, particularly during alkalosis and volume contraction, mitigated deleterious salt wasting.