Laratta CR, Kendzerska T, Carlsten C, et al. - This study is done with patients under evaluation for sleep ailments, to ascertain the relative importance of air pollution and OSA as well as their integrated potential to impact systemic inflammation among participants of this study. Data from 315 patients were analyzed. A land use regression model was employed to estimate residential annual average air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide, black carbon [BC]), and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm [PM _2.5]), for each patient. In this study with patients assessed for suspected OSA, raised IL-6 and IL-10 levels were identified in correlation with long-term residential PM _2.5 exposure. Only the subgroup of patients with moderate to severe OSA showed a link between BC exposure and increased IL-6. These revelations are indicative of the potential for combined impacts of moderate to severe OSA and air pollution on systemic inflammation.