Trongtrakul K, et al. - In this prospective cohort study, researchers determined the epidemiology, risk factors and clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in surgical critically ill patients. A total of 400 patients in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of the university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, were examined for AKI, which was diagnosed according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria. AKI development was noted in 189 patients (47.3%). The factors that conferred risk of AKI included a higher BMI, a greater APACHE-II score, septic shock, use of mechanical ventilation, acute medical complications during surgical admission, and pre-existing chronic kidney disease. Overall, a common incidence of AKI was reported. AKI development was found to be related to an increase in mortality in surgical ICU patients. Patients with AKI risk factors deserve more attention to prevent this deleterious event.