Sartoris G, Seddon JA, Rabie H, et al. - Since abdominal tuberculosis (TB) in children is poorly described and often poses a diagnostic challenge, researchers conducted this retrospective study to assess abdominal involvement in children presenting with bacteriologically confirmed TB. From January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018, this investigation was carried out at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, of all children (< 13 years) diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB, in whom abdominal involvement has been found. One hundred eleven (11.5%) of 966 children with bacteriologically confirmed TB had abdominal involvement; 16 (14.4%) were removed from further study due to lack of clinical evidence. Weight loss, abdominal distention, hepatomegaly and abdominal pain were the main gastrointestinal symptoms/signs. Intra-abdominal lymph nodes, solid organ involvement, peritoneal type and intestinal type were the main pathological types. Splenic abscesses and the involvement of solid organs in ultrasonography have been more common in children with HIV positive. Liver abscesses were associated with age less than 5 years whereas ultrasonographic abdominal lymphadenopathy was more common in children over 5 years of age. Abdominal involvement was found in over 10% of children with confirmed TB. Abdominal TB should be considered in any case of pediatric TB with abdominal symptoms, and the radiological study of choice should be ultrasonography.