Majzoub A, Arafa M, Clemens H, et al. - Findings demonstrate significant implications of genetic abnormalities on surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) success in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) cases.

• This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and involved 53 studies comprising 2965 patients with NOA, 75.5% had Klinefelter Syndrome (the most prevalent chromosomal abnormality noted).

• In patients receiving microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE), younger age was identified as a significant predictor of positive SSR.

• In those receiving micro-TESE and conventional TESE, a favourable predictor was higher testosterone.

• Significant associations of lower luteinizing hormone and follicular stimulating hormone values with positive SSR with testicular sperm aspiration were identified.

• In patients with azoospermia factor c microdeletions, SSR rates were not predicted by any of the parameters.