Lang R, et al. - In this retrospective cohort study, the researchers intended to characterise incident syphilis presentation, serological features and treatment response in a well-defined, HIV-infected population over 11 years. Two hundred forty-nine incident syphilis infections in 194 different people infected with HIV were identified. Results revealed that 72% were initial infections whereas 28% were reinfections. Many asymptomatic syphilis episodes were identified through routine screening of an HIV-infected population engaged in care. The findings suggested that the interaction of HIV and syphilis infection seems to be bidirectional with effects noted on both HIV and syphilis clinical and serological markers. They found no association with the stage of syphilis or symptoms at presentation and antiretroviral therapy use, CD4 count or virological suppression.