The CODA Collaborative, et al. - In patients with appendicitis, researchers compared treatment with antibiotic therapy (10-day course) vs appendectomy via a pragmatic, nonblinded, noninferiority, randomized trial at 25 US centers. They performed random assignment of 1,552 adults (414 with an appendicolith) to receive antibiotics (n = 776; 47% of whom were not hospitalized for the index treatment) or to undergo appendectomy (n = 776; 96% of whom underwent a laparoscopic procedure). On the basis of results of a standard health-status measure, they suggest antibiotics were not inferior to appendectomy for the treatment of appendicitis. Appendectomy was needed in nearly 3 in 10 participants in the antibiotics group by 90 days. The risk for appendectomy and for complications was higher among participants with an appendicolith vs those without an appendicolith. The rate of serious adverse events was 4.0 per 100 participants in the antibiotics group vs 3.0 per 100 participants in the appendectomy group.