Yin MT, et al. - In this 12-month prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effects of low (1,000 IU) vs moderate (3,000 IU) vitamin D3 (VitD) supplementation on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) were investigated in African American and Hispanic postmenopausal women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy. Researchers performed an intent-to-treat analysis on 85 randomized subjects (43 on low and 42 on moderate VitD supplementation) for primary dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) outcomes. In postmenopausal women with HIV, VitD supplementation at 3,000 IU daily increased mean total 25-OHD levels, but there was no evidence of an effect on BMD beyond those observed with 1,000 IU daily.