Puttarajappa CM, et al. - Herein, the utility of postprophylaxis screening for late-onset cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplant recipients was assessed using decision analysis. Findings revealed that screening for postprophylactic cytomegalovirus viremia vs no screening in cytomegalovirus high-risk kidney transplant recipients was associated with gains in quality-adjusted life-years and seemed to be cost effective. Furthermore, it was noted that a strategy of screening every 2 weeks was the most cost-effective strategy across a wide range of willingness to pay thresholds.