Saloom HF, et al. - In this cross-sectional clinical cohort study, authors investigated in 38 cases who underwent routine fixed appliance orthodontic treatment, the consequences of obesity on biomarker levels within lower incisor gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). They recognized the significantly raised levels of the adipokine leptin and the tissue-remodeling biomarker matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in the obese cohort. For the remainder of the biomarkers, they observed no significant differences between groups including the RANKL bone-remodeling marker and several inflammatory markers. For either group, they also found no association between plaque index or gingival index for any GCF biomarker.