Kaneko K, et al. - In the present study, researchers prospectively examined the association of simultaneous elevation of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels with increased type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence, independent of alcohol consumption intake, body mass index, and triglyceride levels. For this purpose, the researchers followed 2,775 male Japanese workers who had no history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. They found that simultaneous elevated concentrations of GGT and ALT was significantly related to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, regardless of potential confounding factors, including alcohol and obesity, although the association may require a concomitant elevation of triglyceride levels. The inclusion of GGT and ALT improved risk prediction for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In men with normal triglyceride levels, the positive association was not observed.