Estevez-Garcia IO, et al. - In chronic asymptomatic hyperuricemia and gout, the potential associations among serum cytokines and microRNA (miR) levels with ultrasound (US) findings suggestive of urate deposits were examined. Researchers performed musculoskeletal US and measurements of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and epithelial neutrophil–activating peptide 78, as well as miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223 levels in all participants. US displaying synovitis and double contour sign may suggest a subclinical manifestation of monosodium urate crystal nucleation among individuals with chronic asymptomatic hyperuricemia, which is capable of triggering inflammatory pathways (IL-6 and IL-8) and mechanisms of intercellular communication (miR-155), similar to what is observed in patients with gout.