Lee YH. - Authors evaluated if there is a casual relationship between smoking behavior and gout. Summary statistics of publicly available data from genome-wide association studies of smoking behavior (n = 85,997) served as the exposure dataset, while meta-analysis results of 14 studies including 2,115 cases and 67,259 controls of European descent served as the outcome dataset, and these were subjected to two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods. The IVW point estimate was not driven by any single single-nucleotide polymorphisms; as demonstrated by the results of “leave one out” analysis. Findings suggested consistency of MR estimates using IVW, weighted median, and MR-Egger analysis and a causal inverse relationship between smoking behavior and gout was not supported.