Shillo P, et al. - In the present study, researchers differentiated between individuals with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and those with painless diabetic peripheral neuropathy in terms of low vitamin D levels and evaluated major confounding factors, including sunlight exposure and daily activity. Findings revealed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were significantly lower in people with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy after adjusting for age, BMI, activity score and sunlight exposure. They found that lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with lower cold detection thresholds and subepidermal nerve fibre densities. In the pathogenesis of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy, a possible role for vitamin D was suggested.