Peters CE, et al. - The relationship between occupational gasoline and diesel engine exhausts and the risk of kidney cancer was investigated in men via National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System (NECSS), a Canadian population-based case–control study, in 1994–1997. An increased risk of kidney cancer in association with occupational gasoline, and to a lesser extent, with diesel exhaust exposure was supported in this study. Men with high cumulative exposure to both gasoline and diesel exhaust showed a 76% increased odds of kidney cancer.