Grasset L, et al. - Considering the declining trends in dementia incidence, researchers compared the cognitive and functional evolution of two “generations” separated by 10 years. Furthermore, they evaluated the impact of specific risk factors on this evolution. They conducted this study on two “generations” of elderly individuals aged 78-88 years, who were included 10 years apart in the Personnes Agées QUID (PAQUID) cohort (France) (n = 612 in 1991-92 and n = 628 in 2001-02) and followed-up for 12 years, with assessments of cognition and disability. The second generation showed higher performances at baseline on four cognitive tests (from p < 0.005). Improvement in educational level mostly explains the differences in global cognition, verbal fluency, and processing speed, but not in working memory. Less cognitive decline in verbal fluency and working memory was also observed among the second generation elderly. The second generation showed a lower progression in disability over the follow-up period compared to the first one. Improvements in educational level could partially contribute to the improved cognitive state of this elderly population.