Laytin AD, et al. - Researchers determined the prevalence of risk factors for violent injury among younger (age < 30 years) and older (age 30 ≥ years) victims of violent injury. They also investigated the long-term mortality rates in these age groups and looked into the link between risk factors for violent injury and long-term mortality. Among victims of violent injury, including both younger adults and those over age 30 years, a link was noted between a “lethal triad” comprising mental illness, substance abuse, and poverty, and an increased risk of long-term mortality. Targeted risk-reduction efforts could be beneficial for both groups. Emergency Department visits offer an invaluable opportunity to engage these vulnerable patients.

Methods

• Between 2001 and 2004, enrollment of adults with violent injuries was carried out.
• On enrollment, researchers recorded demographic and injury data.
• They also measured ten-year mortality rates.
• Using descriptive analysis and logistic regression, older and younger subjects were compared.

Results

• Study included 541 subjects, of whom, 70% were over age 30.
• Researchers found that the overall 10-year mortality rate was 15%, and was much higher than in the age-matched general population in both age groups.
• Mental illness, substance abuse, and poverty were the risk factors for violent injury that were found to be prevalent, especially among older subjects, and were each independently related to increased risk of long-term mortality.