Stauffer CE, et al. - The goal of this paper was to characterize the rate of febrile urinary tract infections (UTI) after ureteroscopy, in patients with neurogenic bladder than those with physiologically normal bladders. Multifactorial, infectious complications were possibly found in the neurogenic cohort. However, the reliance on catheterization and thus colonization served as a prominent factor and extended to non-neurogenic patients. Bacterial colonization could be determined as the vital underlying risk factor for febrile UTI after ureteroscopy.