Dubin JM, et al. - The intent of this work was to substantiate the consequences of men who underwent varicocelectomy for total motile sperm counts (TMSC) < 2 million. It also pursued a cost-effectiveness analysis of intrauterine insemination (IUI) and IVF with intracyctoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) after varicocelectomy. A rise was achieved in the TMSC by means of varicocelectomy, in severely oligospermic patients. This, in turn, offered previously ineligible couples an opportunity to opt for IUI, a less invasive and less expensive alternative to IVF/ICSI.