Robins D, et al. - As a part of this study, the survival outcomes of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) were contemplated, that illustrated a complete clinical response (cT0) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and then rejected the subsequent radical cystectomy (RC). It was reported that bladder preservation could serve as a logical choice in a highly select subset of patients with MIBC, presenting as complete clinical responders following NAC. For those patients that were cT0 after NAC and refused or were ineligible for RC, five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was found to be approximately 60% and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was nearly 90%. In order to determine the clinical and molecular factors related to a durable pathologic complete response after NAC, advanced research was required.