Mickle KJ et al. – This study determined whether there was a difference in size of the toe flexor muscles in elderly people with or without toe deformities. In subjects with hallux valgus, the size of the abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis muscles were decreased. The quadratus plantae, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, and flexor halluces brevis muscles were smaller in participants with lesser toe deformities.