Vahed SZ, et al. – The expression levels of 4 immune–related microRNAs (miRNAs), miR–21, miR–31, miR–142–3p, and miR–155, were inspected in plasma samples of kidney allograft recipients. A possible link between altered expression of miR–21, miR–142–3p, and miR–155 in plasma samples with kidney allograft dysfunction, was suggested. Furthermore, altered expression of miR–21, miR–142–3p, and miR–155 could be used for graft monitoring in kidney transplantation.