Barakat MT, et al. – This research was designed to assess fluoroscopy/radiation–free management of patients with non–complex choledocholithiasis using direct solitary cholangioscopy (DSC). This study established the feasibility of fluoroscopy/radiation–free, cholangioscopic management of non–complex choledocholithiasis, with, success and adverse event rates similar to standard endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP). In the management of biliary disorders, DSC represented a significant procedural advance, which need not be confined to the fluoroscopy suite, and could be reimagined as bedside procedures in emergency department or intensive care unit settings.