Koo K, et al. – This study attempted to assess discomfort, anxiety, and preferences for decision–making in patients undergoing surveillance cystoscopy for non–muscle–invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The outcomes of this research highlighted that many NMIBC patients experience discomfort, anxiety, and worry related to disease progression and not only cystoscopy. Although some patients are content to defer surveillance decisions to their physicians, others prefer to be more involved. Future study should target on defining patient–centered approaches to surveillance decision–making.