Lucas SK et al. – This study compared bacterial communities of matched sinus and lung mucus samples from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) undergoing endoscopic surgery for treatment of chronic sinusitis, to understand their implications in the development of chronic lung disease. The authors concluded that although lung is seeded by individual sinus pathogens, microenvironments of airway have diverse bacterial communities, which should be considered in selection of antimicrobial therapies.