Zahran MH, Harraz AM, Fakhreldin I, et al. - In this study, surgical complications, febrile UTI, graft function, and 5-year graft survival after renal transplantation (RT) were evaluated in patients with augmentation cytsoplasty (AC) and to compare them to RT individuals with the normal lower urinary tract. Researchers conducted a case-control study including a total of 34 RT individuals with AC including 23 patients with enterocystoplasty and 11 patients with ureterocystoplasty (UC). The primary endpoint was to ascertain the variation between both groups regarding postoperative surgical complications and febrile UTI episodes. The secondary endpoint was to match them to an age- and gender-matched control group (122 patients) with normal lower urinary tract. This study’s findings demonstrate that although RT after AC was correlated with higher surgical complications and UTI episodes, they had comparable 5-year graft survival to their control. When highlighted, UC should be the preferred choice of AC whenever possible.