Wu YL, Zhang L, Fan Y, et al. - Given that a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) was seen with pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1)–positive locally advanced/metastatic non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without EGFR/ALK alterations in the global KEYNOTE‐042 study, researchers now report outcomes from patients in KEYNOTE‐042 enrolled from China in the global or extension study. Randomization at a 1:1 ratio was done of patients to receive 35 cycles of pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W) or investigator’s choice of 4–6 cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel or pemetrexed Q3W with optional pemetrexed maintenance for nonsquamous tumors. An improved OS was shown to be conferred by pembrolizumab vs chemotherapy in this analysis of Chinese patients with locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC and PD‐L1 tumor proportion score ≥ 1%, this finding was consistent with the global KEYNOTE‐042 study, and based on this revelation, first‐line pembrolizumab monotherapy for PD‐L1–positive advanced/metastatic NSCLC is supported in China.