Ozkaptan O, Balaban M, Sevinc C, et al. - In this study, the surgical outcomes and difficulty in intra‐operative vascular Doppler ultrasound‐assisted microscopic varicocelectomy with microscopic varicocelectomy in primary and recurrent varicocele were compared. Researchers enrolled a sum of 228 infertile patients with clinically palpable varicocele in the study. The use of Doppler ultrasound demonstrated advantages in ligating veins, preserving arteries and improving sperm motility, and facilitates the operation for the surgeon, particularly during recurrent varicocele repair.