Ae R, Makino N, Kosami K, et al. - Utilizing data from the nationwide survey in Japan, researchers reported the epidemiologic characteristics, treatments, and cardiac complications of Kawasaki disease. The nationwide Kawasaki disease survey in Japan was performed biennially since 1970. The most recent survey, collecting details for patients who developed Kawasaki disease between 2017 and 2018, was completed in 2019. The study reported 32,528 patients with Kawasaki disease, comprising 15,164 (46.6%) in 2017 and 17,364 (53.4%) in 2018. The highest annual incidence rate was reported in 2018 (359 per 100,000 children aged 0-4 years). The annual number of patients in Japan with Kawasaki disease rose from 1970 to 2018, although the proportion of patients with Kawasaki disease with cardiac complications declined in the last 2 decades. Such results may be explained by early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, as well as advances in initial therapies.