Huang HY, Lin SW, Chuang LP, et al. - In patients with suspected OSA and lung cancer, researchers evaluated cancer-related mortality, overall survival, and progression-free survival. AHI, hypoxia index, and survival outcome were determined. There were 23 patients with lung cancer in the sleep cohort of 8,261 patients. The sleep cohort vs the entire adult population in Taiwan had a significantly higher incidence of lung cancer. In AHI < 15 events/h, the 3-year cancer-related mortality was estimated to be 25%, while in AHI 15–29 events/h it was 50%, and in AHI ≥ 30 events/h it was 80%. Those with stage III–IV lung cancer and AHI < 30 events/h had significantly better overall survival (P = .02) and progression-free survival (P = .02) vs those with severe OSA in Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Findings of this preliminary case series revealed an increased risk of cancer mortality in patients with stage III–IV lung cancer in correlation with the presence of severe OSA. A significant correlation was also evident between AHI and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α overexpression.