Yang R, Zhao D, Zhang XH, et al. - This study was undertaken to determine whether there was a difference in the incidence of postoperative pain in patients with chronic pain undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) anesthetized with sevoflurane or propofol. The authors randomly assigned study participants to groups receiving either sevoflurane (Group S, n = 50) or propofol (Group P, n = 47) for anesthesia maintenance during TKA. Postoperative pain and quality of life incidences were assessed by the EQ‐5D scale at 1, 3, and 7 days post‐operation (DPO), and 1 and 3 months postoperation. Fewer patients reported moderate pain at 3 DPO, and more patients reported no pain in Group S compared with that in Group P. There were no major variations in the incidence of postoperative pain between the two groups of patients at the other time‐points. In patients undergoing TKA with a preoperative VAS score > 4, sevoflurane anesthesia may have potential advantages in reducing postoperative pain.