Douwes RM, Gomes-Neto AW, Eisenga MF, et al. - Researchers analyzed a single-center prospective cohort comprising 703 stable outpatient kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), to determine if there exists a link between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and excess mortality risk in this patient population. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were employed. In a prospective cohort including 656 KTRs from the University Hospitals Leuven, independent replication of the findings was done. Findings revealed an increased death risk in relation to PPI use in KTRs, independent of potential confounders. In KTRs receiving high PPI dosages, this risk was highest. Owing to the observational nature of these data, further confirmation of these findings is needed before it can be advised to avoid the long-term use of PPIs in KTRs.