Levy K, Chen Y, Clarke R, et al. - A prospective cohort study was designed to present socioeconomic differences in health-care use and outcomes for stroke and ischaemic heart disease in China during 2009–16. Researchers applied data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), a nationwide prospective cohort study of adults aged 30–79 years in 2004–08, in ten regions (five urban, five rural) in China. This study included 512,715 participants to the CKB between June 25, 2004, and July 15, 2008, 505 995 of whom were still alive on Jan 1, 2009, and contributed to the present study. They calculated trends in annual hospital admission rates, 28-day case fatality rates, and mean length of stay for stroke, ischaemic heart disease, and any cause in all relevant individuals using generalised linear models. The results of this study indicated that lower socioeconomic groups in China had greater increases in hospital admission rates and greater reductions in case fatality rates for stroke and ischaemic heart disease between 2009 and 2016. Future procedures are required to further decrease socioeconomic differences in health-care use and disease outcomes.