Maust DT, Solway E, Langa KM, et al. - This report examines how adults aged 50 to 64 years estimate their lifetime risk of dementia and the risk-reducing strategies they pursue. For Alzheimer disease or other dementias, disease-preventing or disease-modifying treatments do not exist. Adults may be unaware of procedures to decrease their risk and resort to marketed but ineffective options, such as ginkgo biloba or vitamin E. New preventive therapies may not be, while these so-called treatments are relatively inexpensive. Therefore, people overestimating their risk of increasing dementia could lead to inappropriate use and excessive costs.