Iyun V, Technau KG, Eley B, et al. - Given the rapid scaling up of early infant diagnosis of HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART), researchers investigated how expanded access to early ART has affected the characteristics and outcomes of infants initiating ART. They assessed 1,847 infants who started ART at a median age of 60 days between 2006 and 2017 from 9 cohorts within the International epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS-Southern Africa collaboration. Infants with HIV are starting ART younger and healthier with associated drops in mortality. However, in recent years, undesirably high risk of mortality remained. Findings suggest the necessity for focused interventions to optimize the benefits of earlier diagnosis and treatment.