Rutlen C, et al. - By performing this semi-ecological study, researchers focused on how the prevalence of asthma and COPD emergency department (ED) treatments in a rural Arkansas county are influenced by crop burning. Using the Arkansas Hospital Discharge Dataset System, they collected administrative datasets listing ED treatments for asthma and COPD from 2014 to 2016. In Craighead and Sebastian counties, a combined total of 2,536 ED treatments attributable to asthma and 8,530 because of COPD were reported from 2014 to 2016. Findings revealed higher fall ED treatments for asthma and COPD in Craighead County, Arkansas vs Sebastian County, Arkansas for the duration 2014–2016. During these years, higher PM 2.5 concentrations were reported in Craighead County in the fall. Crop burning may be held responsible for these differences.