Milan Manani S, Virzì GM, Giuliani A, et al. - Researchers assessed levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. They specifically focused on different LPS levels in the context of Gram-positive and Gram-negative (GN) peritonitis. This study was performed on 49 PD (61% Continuous Ambulatory PD and 39% Automated PD) patients, including 37 with peritonitis and 12 without. Findings revealed the presence of LPS in all PD patients. Specifically, significantly high LPS was detected in PD patients with GN peritonitis. A proportional rise in peritoneal white blood cells count and LPS levels was evident in PD patients with peritonitis. The possible usefulness of peritoneal and plasma LPS levels as a marker for the diagnosis and management of GN peritonitis in PD patients was suggested in this study.