Lim D, Hassani S, Lupton K, et al. - In this combined retrospective and questionnaire-based longitudinal survey, researchers analyzed the prevalence and risk factors of ear disease in Turner syndrome (TS), propose an algorithm for future surveillance and recommend preventative strategies. Participants in the study were 168 TS patients, median age 27.3 (3.8-47.2) years, observed in the West of Scotland between 1989 and 2015, with a questionnaire follow-up in 2015. In preschool TS girls, acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion occur frequently and may continue or newly develop in later childhood. Cholesteatoma is predisposed to recurrent AOM. Intensive patient education, annual audiology, vaccinations and a randomized trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in high-risk groups were included strategies to decrease otological morbidity.