Marcadis AR, et al. - Investigators intended to identify disease-specific and relative survival rates for individuals with early-stage cancers, in order to understand accurately which cancers could be of lower risk and more likely to be diagnosed in otherwise healthy, in health-conscious people. While telling cancer survival statistics to individuals, physicians could use net measures like disease-specific survival (the proportion of patients not dying of their cancer in a given time frame). They suggest another concomitant statistic, a relative survival, which contrasted the survival of a cancer population to a comparable population without cancer, matched for age, race, and gender. Although relative survival also consolidated features—beyond cancer—that differentiated these individuals, these parameters were usually numerically comparable. It was also seen that comparative survival would be lower, if selective cancers also tend to employ in lifestyle or health behaviors that weaken survival, such as smoking. Since people receiving preventive care also involve in other healthy behaviors (the healthy-user effect), the inverse can also be true, ie, people with certain cancers might have greater relative survival if the cancer is originally identified incidentally or through screening. Moreover, in early-stage breast, prostate, thyroid, and skin (melanoma) cancers, this process had been identified.