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Predicting persistent opioid use, abuse and toxicity among cancer survivors

Journal of the National Cancer Institute Dec 15, 2019

Vitzthum LK, Riviere P, Sheridan P, et al. - Via analyzing a cohort of 106,732 Veteran cancer survivors who received diagnoses between 2000 and 2015, researchers explored clinical risk factors, and they developed a risk score to assist the recognition of patients at risk of persistent opioid use and abuse. They noted that cancer survivors exhibited a rate of 8.3% for persistent opioid use, 2.9% for opioid abuse or dependence, and 2.1% for opioid-related admissions. The association of many patient, demographic, cancer, and treatment factors with the risk of persistent opioid use was revealed upon multivariable analysis. A high level of discrimination was displayed by predictive models when identifying people at risk of adverse opioid-related outcomes, such as persistent opioid use (area under curve [AUC] = 0.85), future diagnoses of opioid abuse or dependence (AUC = 0.87), and admission for opioid abuse or toxicity (AUC = 0.78). The potential to foretell adverse opioid-related consequences among cancer survivors was suggested. Personalized risk stratification strategies, with further confirmation, could guide management when prescribing opioids in cancer patients.

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