Röjvall AS, Buchli C, Bottai M, et al. - Via this prospective study, researchers sought to determine how radiotherapy (RT) affects sexual function and ovarian reserve measured by levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). They assessed 109 women who received preoperative RT and 30 women who did not receive preoperative RT. Among women receiving preoperative RT, they observed a decline in median scores in all Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) domains over time, as noted in the total FSFI score (from 18·5 (range 2·0–36·0) at baseline to 10·8 (2·0–34·8) at 2 years). Women who did not receive preoperative RT had decline in only satisfaction declined over time (from 3·2 (0·8–6·0) to 1·8 (0·8–6·0)). These findings suggest that women with rectal cancer show impairment in sexual function in correlation to receipt of preoperative RT. Consideration should be given to this outcome when addressing the choice of treatment and rehabilitation. Undetectable AMH levels after RT in younger women is identified to be suggestive of an irreversible loss of ovarian follicles.