Templin T, et al. - In view of the observation that within countries, poorer countries had the highest obesity prevalence among wealthier population strata, but the burden of obesity shifts to poorer population strata as national wealth increases, researchers undertook this work with the aim to characterize the transition of overweight and obesity from wealthier to poorer populations as countries develop. Further, they sought to determine the burden of overweight and obesity among the poor for 103 countries. From 103 countries, 182 Demographic and Health Surveys and World Health Surveys [n = 2.24 million respondents] with information on respondent height, weight, personal wealth, and country wealth were examined. The analysis revealed that the prevalence of obesity is no longer the highest among those in the top wealth decile ($10,000 for overweight) at a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of $8,000; at $30,000, they noted higher obesity prevalence among those in the poorest decile than among the wealthiest ($50,000 for overweight). Rising obesity among the poor without a considerable reduction in obesity among the wealthy has led to the transition. Change in the relationship between overweight and personal wealth begins above $10,000 GDP per capita, as overweight prevalence among those in the lower deciles of wealth rises. It is estimated that by 2040, 70.2% (64.1%–76.4%) of countries will begin or have undergone this shift, and the number of people who are both obese and poor (in the lowest quintile) in the study countries will rise by 17.3 million people (15.3–19.6).