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Depressive symptoms and time perspective in older adults: Associations beyond personality and negative life events

Aging and Mental Health Dec 06, 2019

Åström E, et al. - Researchers determined the degree to which time perspective—an individual’s habitual way of relating to the past, present, and future time frames—accounts for disparities in self-reported depressive symptoms among older adults. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) and the Swedish Zimbardo Time perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) were completed by 402 participants (aged 60–90 years). In CES-D scores, 24.5% of the variance was related to the six S-ZTPI dimensions beyond age and sex. According to findings, there is a significant association between facets of time perspective and depressive symptoms in old age. Further, the investigators noted an age-related shift in the relative importance from concerns about of the future (Future Negative) to the present (Present Fatalistic) with increased age. Future worries (Future Negative) may be a more common source of distress in young old-age when the future is more “open”. Perceived threats to autonomy (eg physical health problems and cognitive deficits), as indicated by higher scores on Present Fatalistic, may instead have more bearing on mood state in late senescence.

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