Dinkeloo E, et al. - In view of the recent increase in popularity of vaping, researchers determined its influences on fitness both independently as well as together with traditional cigarette use in this secondary analysis conducted in 2018. Data obtained from US Army Soldiers during 2016 were analyzed. By means of an electronic questionnaire, all metrics were self-reported. They used a reference group that stated no history of use, to perform comparisons with current ENDS users, smokers, and dual users in terms of personal characteristics. They employed an ANCOVA to compare Army physical fitness test outcomes, adjusting for age and physical training habits. Overall 2,854 men aged 24.6 years on average were analyzed. The groups differed in terms of physical training and fitness. According to the findings, people who used e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes average a lower level of fitness as compared with people who abstained.