Tian J, Zuo C, Liu G, et al. - In this meta-analysis involving 16,561 cases and 11,954,161 controls, researchers intended to determine if there is an association between BMI and risk of esophageal cancer (EC), including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EADC). When compared with normal weight, underweight had a statistically significant relationship with risk of EC and ESCC. Ironically, both overweight and obesity may increase the risk of EADC while the risk of ESCC will decrease. In addition, obesity can increase EC risk. To verify the links between BMI and EC risk, a comprehensive and updated epidemiological evidence were provided. Such results have public health implications in terms of better control body weight, and then decrease EC incidence (including ESCC and EADC).