Wintzell V, Svanström H, Melbye M, et al. - In children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), researchers explored the connection between the use of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) inhibitors and the risk of serious infection. Health registers (from Jan 1, 2007, to Dec 31, 2016) were searched to identify episodes of children and adolescents (< 18 years) with at least two recorded IBD diagnoses in specialist care. The authors reported 618 episodes of incident TNFα inhibitor use and 2,925 episodes of no use of TNFα inhibitor among 2,817 paediatric patients with IBD. According to this nationwide Danish cohort study, the weighted incidence of serious infection for the TNFα inhibitor episodes was 54·6 events per 1,000 patient-years and for the no-use episodes was 61·9 events per 1,000 patient-years. The weighted HR of serious infection linked to TNFα inhibitor use was 0·81. No significant connection was found between use of TNFα inhibitors and the risk of serious infection in IBD children, and a relatively small increase in risk appears unlikely, contrary to previous findings in adults, based on the upper bound of the confidence interval. Pediatric medical care can be assisted by observational data like this.