Ortiz AS, et al. - Among a multistage random sample of 1,134 (aged 12 years) adolescents from Southern Brazil, researchers assessed the impact of socioeconomic inequities on the incidence of dental caries. This cohort study was performed with adolescents from the city of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. According to the decayed, missed, or filled surfaces index, the experience of dental caries was evaluated. During baseline as a school-level variable, the Basic Education Development Index was obtained. Over time, adolescents with lower socioeconomic background and poor school context had higher dental caries levels. In addition, the incidence of dental caries was linked to non-white adolescents, lower dental attendance frequency, parents' poor perception of child oral health, and dental plaque.