Wade KH, et al. - Researchers used two-sample instrumental variable (IV) analyses to gather more reliable causal estimates regarding the association of BMI with both all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in this record-linked, intergenerational prospective study. From the general population of Sweden, they analyzed data from 996,898 fathers (282,407 deaths) and 1,013,083 mothers (153,043 deaths) and their sons followed up from January 1, 1961, until December 31, 2004. Sons’ BMIs were used as an instrument for parents’ BMI to compute HRs for the risk of mortality per SD higher parents’ BMIs. As per IV analyses, higher BMI demonstrated a causal role in greater risk of all-cause mortality and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, stroke, diabetes, respiratory diseases, and cancer—the latter including 9 site-specific cancers in men and 11 site-specific cancers in women. Furthermore, these study findings established a causal correlation between higher BMI in mothers and greater risk of mortality from kidney disease and lower risk of mortality from suicide.